泰晤士高等教育2019世界大学排名:清华成亚洲高校之首
2018-09-27 09:10:38 来源:泰晤士高等教育

泰晤士高等教育本周公布了其 2019 年世界大学排名。

这份最终年度排行版第15年对全球超过1250所高等教育机构进行了排名(去年仅为1100多所),涉及86个国家(去年为81个国家),使其成为有史以来最具竞争力的排名之一。本次排名亮点如下:

• 中国大陆出现新的第一名:清华大学(分数线,专业设置)在全球排名中首次超越北京大学(分数线,专业设置)

• 清华大学超越新加坡国立大学成为亚洲高校之首

• 美国连续第15年在最终全球排名中占主导地位,但中国继续迅速崛起;随着全球竞争加剧,欧洲、美国和澳大利亚出现停滞迹象;日本超越英国成为高效入围数量第二的国家

• 牛津大学连续第三年获得最高排名;剑桥大学保持第二

中国大陆今年在该荣誉名单中出现了新的第一名,同时也是2011年以来的最高排名。

清华大学取代新加坡国立大学成为亚洲排名第一的高校

清华大学上升八名,排名第22,在全球排名中首次超越北京大学成为中国大陆新的第一名,北京大学下降四名,排名第31。,这是自2011年以来中国高校按照现有评比方法首次获此排名。清华大学是全球前30名中名次提升最快的高校,今年还超越了伦敦政治经济学院和纽约大学,并在研究方面(数量、收入和声誉)荣获全球第六,超越了美国普林斯顿大学、耶鲁大学和麻省理工学院。其名次上升主要是由于其教学环境得到了改善,而北京大学名次下降主要是由于竞争的加剧和研究收入的下降。

中国大陆同时也是全球高校入围数量第四的国家,从去年的63所高校增加到72所高校。中国大陆今年有七所高校入围了前200名,并且出现了几位表现突出的高校。其排名最高的新入围高校深圳南方科技大学在2011年才刚刚成立,首次进入全球前350名,被引影响力(研究影响力)一项得分尤高。

与此同时,浙江大学(分数线,专业设置)由于教学环境和学习环境得到改善,研究收入和行业收入增长,研究数量和国际学生比例增加,名次上升76名,排名第101。南开大学(分数线,专业设置)也是首次入围的高校,排名在351名到400名之间,这主要是因为其研究影响力一项得分较高。

与此同时,尽管全球竞争加剧,香港六所代表高校中有四所高校排名出现了上升,有五所高校连续第三年前跻身200名。其排名第一的高校香港大学由于教学环境一项得分显著提高,名次上升四名,排名第36,超越了加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学和伦敦国王学院。卡塔尔大学与香港城市大学国际视野(国际员工和学生的比例、国际合著)一项全球并列第一。台湾有32所高校入围今年的全球排名(去年为31所),但大多数高校排名保持不变或有所下降。

泰晤士高等教育全球排名编辑总监Phil Baty表示,“中国已经将其高校作为其国家经济增长战略的重中之重,并逐年获益。清华大学和北京大学已经跻身世界顶尖高校之列,而中国南方科技大学仅成立七年,就已经进入了全球前350名。这对首次入围者来说是一项了不起的成绩,但南方科技大学却做到了。

“中国成功的秘诀——提升其国际视野和加强其全球伙伴关系,持续加大对顶尖高校的投资,将重点放在吸引和留住全球顶尖人才上——正在提升其全球声誉和影响力,其他新兴国家已经开始纷纷效仿。这些国家在未来几年很可能会挑战英美国家一直以来在排名中的主导地位。”

他补充道,“相比之下,美国、欧洲和澳大利亚等传统权力区域正在受到不断深化的削减和不断滋长的孤立主义的影响。在这些情况下保持当前卓越标准是不可持续的。并且,在全球竞争日益加剧的情况下,我们再次看到已经建立的据点出现停滞和略微下降的迹象,但也有个别取得成功。随着东亚大学的排名不断上升,旧精英的未来将依赖于强大的投资,以及使高校可以吸引和留住国际顶尖人才的积极政策。”

泰晤士高等教育2019年世界大学排名全球综述

前10

牛津大学连续第三年排名第一,同时在研究方面(数量、收入和声誉)高居榜首。剑桥大学保持第二,而美国斯坦福大学稳居第三。麻省理工学院名次上升一名,排名第四,但加州理工学院排名从去年的并列第三下降到第五位,但是该大学教学一项(学习环境)排名第一。耶鲁大学是前20名中名次提升最快的高校,上升四名,进入前10名,排名第八。

美国和加拿大

美国继续占主导地位,但随着全球竞争加剧、资金削减和移民政策收紧,美国、欧洲和澳大利亚出现停滞迹象。

美国仍然是排行榜上入围高校数量最多的国家,入围高校数量从157所增加到172所。但其大多数高校——其中130所——排名下降或保持不变。虽然该国继续在前200名中占据主导地位,有60所高校上榜,但这一数字与去年的62所相比有所下降,有超过一半(32)的高校排名下降,有10所高校排名保持不变,有18所高校排名上升。该国排名最高的是斯坦福大学,排名第三,但去年排名并列第三、在2012年至2016年期间排名最高的加州理工学院今年名次继续下降,下降两名,排名第五。

加拿大喜忧参半。该国有27所高校入围2019年排行榜,而去年的入围高校数量是26所,其中排名最高的又是多伦多大学,上升一名,排名第21。 该国在2018年和2019年均入围的高校中有近77%(超过四分之三)与去年相比排名下降或保持稳定(有一半排名保持不变)。

欧洲呈现喜忧参半的景象

欧洲仍然是排名中的重要参与者,但随着竞争加剧,2019年呈现喜忧参半的景象。2019年,欧洲有七所高校进入前30名,与去年相同,其入围高校数量在前200名中占到近一半。

泰晤士高等教育排名编辑Ellie Bothwell表示,“虽然许多欧洲国家和高校在今年的排名中取得了巨大成功,但整个大洲政治气候的变化可能会在未来几年损害其许多高等教育体系。如果英国脱欧导致泛欧流动性和研究合作受到限制,英国和欧洲高校将会遭遇失败,而极右翼民粹主义的崛起已经正在影响匈牙利等国家高校的学术自由。这些因素加上来自亚洲的激烈竞争,将使欧洲高校在未来12个月面临巨大的压力。”

英国作为排行榜上入围高校数量第二的国家首次被超越,日本入围高校数量为103所,而英国入围高校数量为98所(去年为93所)。牛津大学和剑桥大学再登全球榜首,分别排第一和第二。但该国以前入围的高校中大多数——77所——排名保持不变或下降。英国在全球前200名中仍然是入围高校数量第二的国家(仅次于美国),但今年声誉略微受损,因为其中大多数高校——29所中有21所——排名保持不变或下降,并且有两所高校彻底跌出前200名。

德国有47所高校入围(去年为44所)。慕尼黑大学再次成为该国排名第一的高校,名次上升两位,全球并列第32名。其高校中有三分之一在今年的排行榜上排名保持稳定或下降,有13所高校排名上升。该国是排行榜上前200名高校中入围高校数量第三的国家,有23所高校入围。

来自东亚的全球竞争继续加剧

对日本来说,今年是表现相对较好的一年。经历几年的下降之后,该国排名出现了一些上升,有103所高校入围(去年为89所)——入围高校数量比以往任何时候都多。该国超越英国成为排行榜上入围高校数量第二的国家,其两所顶尖高校排名均有所上升:东京大学上升四名,排名第42,其教学、研究收入和行业收入得分升高。与此同时,京都大学由于教学、被引影响力(研究影响力)和行业收入得分升高,名次上升九名,排名第65。

此外,印度入围高校数量也有所增加,从42所增加至49所,成为全球排行榜上入围高校数量第五的国家,仅次于中国。在全球竞争加剧的情况下,其大多数高校排名保持不变或有所下降。印度政府制定了“卓越高校”(Institutes of Eminence)计划和新的国际化战略,旨在应对全球竞争的加剧。印度科学理工学院再次成为该国排名第一的高校,在全球排行榜上的排名保持在251名到300名之间。

2019 年入围高校和出局高校

巴格达大学成为该排行榜有史15年来伊拉克第一所入围高校,得益于在被引影响力(研究影响力)方面的最佳表现,跻身全球801名至1000名的排名区间。西印度群岛大学成为牙买加第一所入围高校,跻身排行榜上501名到600名之间,拥有强大的国际视野。哈萨克斯坦、尼泊尔和坦桑尼亚今年也首次入围排行榜,而塞尔维亚在缺席一年后再次入围。

由于达卡大学没有提交数据,孟加拉国成为唯一从2019年排行榜中退出的国家。

具体排名如下:

2019 global top 200(2019全球TOP200)

Institution name

Country/region

2019 global ranking

2018 global ranking

University of Oxford

United Kingdom

1

1

University of Cambridge

United Kingdom

2

2

Stanford University

United States

3

=3

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

United States

4

5

California Institute of Technology

United States

5

=3

Harvard University

United States

6

6

Princeton University

United States

7

7

Yale University

United States

8

12

Imperial College London

United Kingdom

9

8

University of Chicago

United States

10

9

ETH Zurich

Switzerland

11

=10

Johns Hopkins University

United States

=12

13

University of Pennsylvania

United States

=12

=10

UCL

United Kingdom

14

16

University of California, Berkeley

United States

15

18

Columbia University

United States

16

14

University of California, Los Angeles

United States

17

15

Duke University

United States

18

17

Cornell University

United States

19

19

University of Michigan

United States

20

21

University of Toronto

Canada

21

=22

Tsinghua University

China

22

30

National University of Singapore

Singapore

23

=22

Carnegie Mellon University

United States

24

24

Northwestern University

United States

25

20

London School of Economics and Political Science

United Kingdom

26

=25

New York University

United States

27

=27

University of Washington

United States

28

=25

University of Edinburgh

United Kingdom

29

=27

University of California, San Diego

United States

30

31

Peking University

China

31

=27

LMU Munich

Germany

=32

=34

University of Melbourne

Australia

=32

32

Georgia Institute of Technology

United States

34

33

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Switzerland

35

=38

University of Hong Kong

Hong Kong

36

40

University of British Columbia

Canada

37

=34

King’s College London

United Kingdom

38

36

University of Texas at Austin

United States

39

49

Karolinska Institute

Sweden

40

=38

Paris Sciences et Lettres – PSL Research University Paris

France

41

=72

The University of Tokyo

Japan

42

46

University of Wisconsin-Madison

United States

43

43

McGill University

Canada

=44

42

Technical University of Munich

Germany

=44

41

The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

Hong Kong

46

44

Heidelberg University

Germany

47

45

KU Leuven

Belgium

48

47

Australian National University

Australia

49

48

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

United States

50

37

Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

Singapore

51

52

University of California, Santa Barbara

United States

52

53

Brown University

United States

53

=50

Washington University in St Louis

United States

54

=50

Chinese University of Hong Kong

Hong Kong

55

58

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

United States

56

=56

University of Manchester

United Kingdom

57

=54

Delft University of Technology

Netherlands

58

63

University of California, Davis

United States

=59

=54

University of Sydney

Australia

=59

61

Wageningen University & Research

Netherlands

=59

64

University of Amsterdam

Netherlands

62

59

Seoul National University

South Korea

63

=74

Purdue University

United States

64

60

Kyoto University

Japan

65

=74

University of Southern California

United States

66

66

Humboldt University of Berlin

Germany

67

62

Leiden University

Netherlands

68

67

University of Queensland

Australia

69

65

Erasmus University Rotterdam

Netherlands

70

=72

University of Minnesota

United States

=71

=56

Ohio State University

United States

=71

=70

Sorbonne University

France

73

NR

Boston University

United States

=74

=70

Utrecht University

Netherlands

=74

68

University of Freiburg

Germany

76

82

McMaster University

Canada

77

78

University of Bristol

United Kingdom

78

76

University of Groningen

Netherlands

=79

=83

University of Warwick

United Kingdom

=79

91

Pennsylvania State University

United States

81

77

University of Maryland, College Park

United States

=82

69

Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU)

South Korea

=82

=111

Emory University

United States

=84

98

Monash University

Australia

=84

=80

Rice University

United States

86

=86

RWTH Aachen University

Germany

=87

79

Uppsala University

Sweden

=87

=86

University of Tübingen

Germany

89

94

Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin

Germany

=90

=126

University of Montreal

Canada

=90

108

University of Zurich

Switzerland

=90

136

University of Glasgow

United Kingdom

=93

=80

Michigan State University

United States

=93

=83

University of Science and Technology of China

China

=93

132

University of California, Irvine

United States

=96

99

University of New South Wales

Australia

=96

85

Lund University

Sweden

98

93

Dartmouth College

United States

=99

89

University of Helsinki

Finland

=99

90

Zhejiang University

China

101

=177

Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)

South Korea

102

=95

University of Basel

Switzerland

103

=95

Free University of Berlin

Germany

104

88

Fudan University

China

105

116

University of Sheffield

United Kingdom

106

104

University of Virginia

United States

107

=113

École Polytechnique

France

108

115

Georgetown University

United States

109

=123

University of Bern

Switzerland

=110

=105

University of Bonn

Germany

=110

=100

City University of Hong Kong

Hong Kong

=110

=119

University of Pittsburgh

United States

=110

=100

University of Colorado Boulder

United States

=114

=100

Durham University

United Kingdom

=114

97

University of Birmingham

United Kingdom

=116

=141

University of Copenhagen

Denmark

=116

=109

University of Southampton

United Kingdom

118

=126

University of York

United Kingdom

119

=137

Trinity College Dublin

Republic of Ireland

120

=117

University of Oslo

Norway

=121

146

Vanderbilt University

United States

=121

=105

Aarhus University

Denmark

=123

=109

Arizona State University

United States

=123

=126

University of Göttingen

Germany

=123

=113

University of Mannheim

Germany

=123

125

Radboud University Nijmegen

Netherlands

=123

122

Université Catholique de Louvain

Belgium

=128

129

Maastricht University

Netherlands

=128

103

Queen Mary University of London

United Kingdom

130

121

Technical University of Berlin

Germany

131

92

University of Alberta

Canada

=132

=119

Case Western Reserve University

United States

=132

158

University of Western Australia

Australia

134

=111

University of Adelaide

Australia

=135

=134

University of Geneva

Switzerland

=135

=130

University of Hamburg

Germany

=135

201–250

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

Germany

=135

133

Nanjing University

China

=135

=169

Pompeu Fabra University

Spain

=135

140

University of Exeter

United Kingdom

141

=130

Pohang University of Science and Technology

South Korea

142

=137

Ghent University

Belgium

=143

107

University of Vienna

Austria

=143

=165

Autonomous University of Barcelona

Spain

145

=147

University of Cologne

Germany

=146

145

Indiana University

United States

=146

=117

Lancaster University

United Kingdom

=146

=150

University of Nottingham

United Kingdom

=149

=147

Ulm University

Germany

=149

=155

TU Dresden

Germany

151

=155

Tufts University

United States

152

=169

University of Leeds

United Kingdom

=153

139

Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna

Italy

=153

=155

Stockholm University

Sweden

=153

=134

University of Cape Town

South Africa

=156

171

University of Florida

United States

=156

=143

University of Aberdeen

United Kingdom

158

185

University of Arizona

United States

=159

161

University of Würzburg

Germany

=159

=165

Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa

Italy

=161

184

University of Sussex

United Kingdom

=161

=147

University of Rochester

United States

=163

=153

Technical University of Denmark

Denmark

=163

=153

University of St Andrews

United Kingdom

165

=143

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

Netherlands

166

=165

University of California, Santa Cruz

United States

=167

=162

Eindhoven University of Technology

Netherlands

=167

=141

University of Leicester

United Kingdom

=167

=159

National Taiwan University

Taiwan

170

=198

Newcastle University

United Kingdom

=171

=175

Texas A&M University

United States

=171

=159

Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Hong Kong

=173

=182

University of Notre Dame

United States

=173

=150

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg

Germany

175

=162

University of Lausanne

Switzerland

=176

152

University of Ottawa

Canada

=176

201–250

Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey

United States

=176

172

University of Alabama at Birmingham

United States

179

168

University of Bologna

Italy

180

201–250

Aalto University

Finland

=181

190

George Washington University

United States

=181

201–250

University of Liverpool

United Kingdom

=181

=177

University of Münster

Germany

=184

=173

Northeastern University

United States

=184

193

University of Twente

Netherlands

=184

=179

Cardiff University

United Kingdom

=187

=162

KTH Royal Institute of Technology

Sweden

=187

=173

University of Konstanz

Germany

189

201–250

University of Duisburg-Essen

Germany

=190

201–250

University of East Anglia

United Kingdom

=190

=188

Shanghai Jiao Tong University

China

=190

=188

Western University

Canada

=190

201–250

Aalborg University

Denmark

=194

201–250

Paris Diderot University – Paris 7

France

=194

201–250

University of Technology, Sydney

Australia

196

201–250

University of Bergen

Norway

197

201–250

Korea University

South Korea

198

201–250

University of Calgary

Canada

=199

201–250

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Russian Federation

=199

194

来源:泰晤士高等教育https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2019/world-ranking

2019 regional table – mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan

(中国内地、香港、台湾高校排名)

Institution name

Country

/Region

2019

Rank

2018 Rank

Tsinghua University

China

22

30

Peking University

China

31

=27

University of Hong Kong

Hong Kong

36

40

The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

Hong Kong

46

44

Chinese University of Hong Kong

Hong Kong

55

58

University of Science and Technology of China

China

=93

132

Zhejiang University

China

101

=177

Fudan University

China

105

116

City University of Hong Kong

Hong Kong

=110

=119

Nanjing University

China

=135

=169

National Taiwan University

Taiwan

170

=198

Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Hong Kong

=173

=182

Shanghai Jiao Tong University

China

=190

=188

Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)

China

301–350

NR

Sun Yat-sen University

China

301–350

351–400

Huazhong University of Science and Technology

China

351–400

401–500

Nankai University

China

351–400

NR

Wuhan University

China

351–400

401–500

Harbin Institute of Technology

China

401–500

501–600

Hong Kong Baptist University

Hong Kong

401–500

401–500

National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech)

Taiwan

401–500

401–500

National Tsing Hua University

Taiwan

401–500

301–350

Tongji University

China

401–500

401–500

Beihang University

China

501–600

601–800

China Medical University, Taiwan

Taiwan

501–600

501–600

Hunan University

China

501–600

601–800

Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

China

501–600

NR

National Cheng Kung University (NCKU)

Taiwan

501–600

501–600

National Chiao Tung University

Taiwan

501–600

401–500

National Yang-Ming University

Taiwan

501–600

601–800

Renmin University of China

China

501–600

501–600

Shandong University

China

501–600

501–600

Soochow University

China

501–600

501–600

South China University of Technology

China

501–600

501–600

Southeast University

China

501–600

501–600

Taipei Medical University

Taiwan

501–600

601–800

Tianjin University

China

501–600

501–600

Xiamen University

China

501–600

401–500

Xi’an Jiaotong University

China

501–600

501–600

Beijing Institute of Technology

China

601–800

601–800

Central South University

China

601–800

601–800

Chang Gung University

Taiwan

601–800

601–800

China Agricultural University

China

601–800

601–800

China University of Geosciences, Beijing

China

601–800

601–800

Dalian University of Technology

China

601–800

601–800

East China Normal University

China

601–800

501–600

East China University of Science and Technology

China

601–800

601–800

Fuzhou University

China

601–800

601–800

Huazhong Agricultural University

China

601–800

601–800

Nanjing Agricultural University

China

601–800

601–800

Nanjing Medical University

China

601–800

601–800

Nanjing Normal University

China

601–800

601–800

Nanjing Tech University

China

601–800

601–800

National Sun Yat-Sen University

Taiwan

601–800

601–800

National Taiwan Normal University

Taiwan

601–800

501–600

Northeast Normal University

China

601–800

601–800

Northwestern Polytechnical University

China

601–800

601–800

Shenzhen University

China

601–800

NR

Sichuan University

China

601–800

601–800

Asia University, Taiwan

Taiwan

801–1000

801–1000

Beijing Jiaotong University

China

801–1000

801–1000

Capital Medical University

China

801–1000

601–800

China University of Geosciences, Wuhan

China

801–1000

601–800

China University of Mining and Technology

China

801–1000

801–1000

China University of Petroleum, Beijing

China

801–1000

801–1000

China Pharmaceutical University

China

801–1000

NR

Chongqing University

China

801–1000

801–1000

Chung Yuan Christian University

Taiwan

801–1000

801–1000

Fu Jen Catholic University

Taiwan

801–1000

801–1000

Jiangsu University

China

801–1000

801–1000

Jilin University

China

801–1000

NR

Jinan University

China

801–1000

801–1000

Kaohsiung Medical University

Taiwan

801–1000

601–800

National Central University

Taiwan

801–1000

601–800

National Chengchi University

Taiwan

801–1000

601–800

National Chung Hsing University

Taiwan

801–1000

NR

National Dong Hwa University

Taiwan

801–1000

801–1000

National Taipei University

Taiwan

801–1000

801–1000

National Taipei University of Technology

Taiwan

801–1000

801–1000

National Taiwan Ocean University

Taiwan

801–1000

801–1000

Northeastern University

China

801–1000

801–1000

Northwest University

China

801–1000

801–1000

NorthWest A&F University

China

801–1000

801–1000

Ocean University of China

China

801–1000

801–1000

University of Science and Technology Beijing

China

801–1000

601–800

Shanghai University

China

801–1000

601–800

Shantou University

China

801–1000

601–800

Southern Medical University

China

801–1000

NR

Wuhan University of Technology

China

801–1000

801–1000

Xiangtan University

China

801–1000

801–1000

Xidian University

China

801–1000

801–1000

Yangzhou University

China

801–1000

NR

Chaoyang University of Technology

Taiwan

1001+

1001+

Feng Chia University

Taiwan

1001+

801–1000

Guangxi University

China

1001+

1001+

Harbin Engineering University

China

1001+

NR

Huaqiao University

China

1001+

801–1000

I-Shou University

Taiwan

1001+

801–1000

Ming Chuan University

Taiwan

1001+

1001+

National Changhua University of Education

Taiwan

1001+

NR

National Chiayi University

Taiwan

1001+

1001+

National Chung Cheng University

Taiwan

1001+

801–1000

National University of Kaohsiung

Taiwan

1001+

1001+

North China Electric Power University

China

1001+

NR

Shanghai Maritime University

China

1001+

1001+

University of South China

China

1001+

NR

Southwest Jiaotong University

China

1001+

1001+

Tamkang University

Taiwan

1001+

1001+

Yanshan University

China

1001+

NR

Yuan Ze University

Taiwan

1001+

801–1000